Engaging Students
Table of Contents
While online classes provide students with more flexibility and new ways to collaborate, success in the online environment is directly related to how present and engaged both the instructor and the students are in the virtual classroom. When students are engaged, they tend to perform better. When students are actively engaged in the material, they tend to process it more deeply, which leads to successful retention of the material.
Being present in your online class is not only about good practice and supporting student learning and engagement. Instructor presence and communication make the difference between a course categorized as a distance education v/s a correspondence course.
Engagement with the Instructor
Below are different strategies that can be used to encourage interaction:
Define your online presence
Common ways to increase your instructor presence online include:
- Provide an introductory video so that students can see and hear you, see the Video Creation strategies page.
- Post still images of yourself in the introductory materials.
- Link or embed social media sites or feeds like your Twitter name, LinkedIn profile, or Slack group in your Canvas Profile.
- Share your departmental website to help students understand who you are and what you do.
- Use video or audio to provide updates throughout the course, see the Video Creation strategies page.
- Provide prompt feedback on assignments (text, video, and audio) (see the Interactive Feedback and Grading page).
To provide additional context
Review the following information to help you be prepared for the experience of teaching online:- Garrison, D. R. (2007). Online community of inquiry review: social, cognitive, and teaching presence issues. Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks, 11(1), 61+. Retrieved from https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A284325498/PROF?u=iastu_main&sid=PROF&xid=74a1227c
- Kilis, S., & Yildirim, Z. (2019). Posting Patterns of Students’ Social Presence, Cognitive Presence, and Teaching Presence in Online Learning. Online Learning Journal [OLJ], 23(2), 179+. Retrieved from https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A593147940/PROF?u=iastu_main&sid=PROF&xid=a7a6f44a
- Shea, P., Li, C. S., Swan, K., & Pickett, A. (2005). Developing learning community in online asynchronous college courses: the role of teaching presence. Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks, 9(4), 59+. Retrieved from https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A284325600/PROF?u=iastu_main&sid=PROF&xid=1b775ff8
Maintain an active daily presence in the course
- Give frequent and substantive feedback throughout the course (see the Interactive Feedback page).
- Be explicit about the ways that students can reach you and your teaching assistants. Let students know what response time they should expect for questions/inquiries (e.g., 24-48 hours) (see the Communications page).
- Establish an environment that is conducive to students coming to see you rather than resorting to academic misconduct if they have trouble getting an assessment done on time. Be available at “crunch” times before assessment due dates.
- The course shouldn’t appear like it’s running on auto-pilot. Students feel more connected to instructors who talk to them, as if in a one-on-one conversation, via instructional videos and Canvas Chat.
Solicit (in real-time) immediate formative feedback
Ask students to share one burning question about a content topic
Ask students for feedback about the course regularly
- At what moment in class did you feel most engaged with what was happening?
- At what moment in the class were you most distanced from what was happening?
- What action that anyone (teacher or student) took this week did you find most affirming or helpful?
- What action that anyone took this week did you find most puzzling or confusing?
- What about the class this week surprised you the most? (This could be about your reactions to what went on, something that someone did, or anything else that occurs).
Learn more and how you can import the tool directly into you Canvas course on the Using a PLUS/DELTA Assessment Technique page.
Interact with students as they work
Provide interactive feedback to students is essential
- Quick responses to discussion posts can help keep students on track for the next assignment or activity. Learn how to incorporate discussions in your course via the Discussions Strategies page.
- Turnaround time on the grading of assessments can also have an impact on future student efforts. Students should never have to engage in the next assessment without receiving feedback on the previous one.
- The feedback that is detailed and positive tends to be more effective than faint praise or unclear messages. To learn how you can leave multimedia feedback, use the Feedback Strategies page.
Host virtual “student” (office) hours
Nudge students who are not engaging in the course
- Before you send the message, please explore the resources found on our Online Learner Support page and the Campus Resources to Support Students page. Share these with your students, regularly.
- You may contact the students using Canvas Inbox. One-on-one communications between students and their instructors or advisors can be particularly challenging in a virtual environment. Instructors must follow all Federal Educational Rights & Privacy Act (FERPA) guidance on the Registrar’s Policies website. Review and bookmark the Sharing Sensitive Student Info-FERPA page outlining software approved for sharing information at ISU.
- Convey three things in a student support email.<
- That you care about and believe in the student.
- The deliverable: What is the action you require from the student? By when are you requesting it?
- What will happen next? (if that action is or isn’t taken).
Practice being as concise as possible. Create a template to save time!
- If you are concerned about a student’s well-being or behavior, the Dean of Students Office is here to help! You can call to speak to a Student Assistance staff member at 515-294-1020, send an email to studentassistance@iastate.edu, or you can refer a student via our “refer a student” link at the top of the Office of Student Assistance page
Send personalized “how’s it going?” messages via Canvas Inbox two times a semester
- Before you send the message, please explore the resources found on our Online Learner Support page and the Campus Resources to Support Students page.
- You may contact the students using Canvas Inbox. One-on-one communications between students and their instructors or advisors can be particularly challenging in a virtual environment. Instructors must follow all Federal Educational Rights & Privacy Act (FERPA) guidance on the Registrar’s Policies website. Review and bookmark the Sharing Sensitive Student Info-FERPA page outlining software approved for sharing information at ISU.
- If you are concerned about a student’s well-being or behavior, the Dean of Students Office is here to help! You can call to speak to a Student Assistance staff member at 515-294-1020, send an email to studentassistance@iastate.edu, or you can refer a student via our
“refer a student” link at the top of the Office of Student Assistance page.
Engagement with the Other Students
These socially-focused exchanges are building blocks—a course will need a number of them for students to truly develop rapport. For example, a course should include at least introductions and the exchange of personal information before students collaborate on medium- to high-stakes assignments.
Foster better student-student interaction
A defined introduction is a good starting point for building student rapport. Introductions may be in the form of a required discussion or through an activity designed to let students learn about one another personally and professionally.
Some best practices for online introductions
- Promote “Netiquette is “Internet Etiquette” or the conventions of politeness about how we use the Internet and interact with others online. To provide a foundation for civility in the online learning environment, we promote the following Netiquette at ISU page and the ISU Principles of Community page for general guidelines when communicating in this course.
- Keep the focus on the students (versus the course content).
- Go beyond asking students to share basic information. Create connections with your students and between your students using an ice breaker discussion forum. Choose a few topics and have your students select one to respond to – make sure you respond with your answer, too!
- Give course credit for participation.
- Introduce yourself in the same forum to model the expected and appropriate amount of personal information and disclosure and demonstrate rapport-building behaviors with responses such as “nice to meet you” and “I have also visited France” as students post their introductions.
Foster better student-student interaction
- Intentionally and strategically foster better student-student interaction to build a more solid foundation for students’ discussions and interactions. Use the Discussions Strategies for suggestions. To create an additional connection with your students, shares your responses.
- Promote collaboration among students by designing daily or weekly assignments or projects.
- Create a specific forum for questions regarding course assignments.
Explore Canvas Profiles
- Ask students to complete written or video bio to facilitate the exchange of personal and professional information based on a format you define. For example, you can ask students to complete their Canvas Profile (watch the Profile overview video) and then engage them in an activity to explore each other’s profiles.
- Have students include their favorite quote within their Canvas Profile.
- Then, ask students to identify two classmates whose favorite quotations resonate with them and ask those students why they selected the quotation. Have students share what they have learned with the rest of the class in a discussion board post.
Encourage critical and reflective discussion
- Describe one social and economic impact of this disaster.
- Share their opinion on how this disaster might affect national policy, using the course sources to support this opinion.
Plan and facilitate thoughtful group work
Without careful planning and facilitation, group work can frustrate students and instructors and feel like a waste of time. Use the suggestions from the Facilitating group work page to change the refrain of “I hate group work” to “what great group experiences!”
Provide interactive peer feedback
Set up student “help teams”
Engagement with Course Content
To encourage students to engage with the course content, you may employ one or more of these strategies.
Create short audio introductions to each module
These (no more than five minute) introductions involve the instructor talking through four to five PowerPoint slides and presenting a general overview of the module content. To help with your next step, use the Video Creation strategies page.
Build activities to explore, create, edit, and more
Develop participation as a skill
Improve course accessibility for all
Regardless of whether a student relies on assistive technology or not, having course materials that don’t create barriers to learning is an ongoing need for students in online education. Taking minor steps toward accessibility improvement of course materials is a good practice for educators to engage in on a frequent, periodic basis. To begin, review the Accessible Course Design page.
Explore the instructional strategies and tools
Strategies for students to complete or participate in course work at different times.
Strategies for productive online synchronous class sessions.
Design and facilitate activities for all learning environments.
Teach in ways that are equitable and inclusive in an online environment.
Watch the webinar, Best practices for engaging students online
If you are unable to attend one of the synchronous offerings on this topic, watch a recording, Engaging Students Online Studio video (15m 28s).
ISU Library resources
Iowa State University community members can locate these engaging student resources and more (physical and online access available). Insert engaging students online or the titles listed below into the Quick search via the ISU Library website.

Barkley, E.F. (2010). Student engagement techniques (1st ed., Higher and adult education series). San Francisco, Calif: Jossey-Bass.
Distance education vs. correspondence education
The US Department of Education and the Higher Learning Commission (HLC) have defined the difference between “distance education” and “correspondence education” based on the “regular and substantive interaction between the students and the instructor.” The definition also notes that the student cannot primarily initiate the interaction. The instructor must initiate communication. Posted recorded lectures or textual materials online, along with exams or quizzes, will not meet the federal (and HLC) guidelines.References & Resources
- 7 Tips for Increasing Student Engagement in Online Courses. Retrieved from https://www.d2l.com/blog/7-tips-for-increasing-student-engagement-in-online-courses/
- Conrad, R.-M., & Donaldson, J. A. (2011). Engaging the Online Learner : Activities and Resources for Creative Instruction: Vol. Rev. ed. Jossey-Bass.
- DeBrock, L., Scagnoli, N., and Taghaboni-Dutta, F. (2020, March 18). The human element in online learning. Inside HigherEd. Retrieved from https://www.insidehighered.com/advice/2020/03/18/how-make-online-learning-more-intimate-and-engaging-students-opinion
- Dietz-Uhler1and, B., and Janet E. Hurn (2013, June). Strategies for engagement in online courses: Engaging with the content, instructor, and other students. Journal of Teaching and Learning with Technology, 2 (1), pp. 62-65.
- Norman, M. (2017, June 16). Synchronous online classes: 10 Tips for engaging students. Faculty Focus. Retrieved on April 27, 2020 from https://www.facultyfocus.com/articles/online-education/synchronous-online-classes-10-tips-engaging-students/
- Pasadena Community College offers some guidelines for regular effective contact with students.
- Pelletier, P. (2013, September 20). What online teachers need to know. Faculty Focus. Retrieved on May 22, 2020 from http://www.facultyfocus.com/articles/online-education/what-online-teachers-need-to-know/
- Redmond, P., Heffernan, A., Abawi, L., Brown, A., & Henderson, R. (2018). An online engagement framework for higher education. Online Learning, 22(1), 183-204. doi:10.24059/olj.v22i1.1175
- Rochester Institute of Technology’s Building Rapport in Online Courses. Retrieved on May 4, 2020, from https://go.iastate.edu/YFWENJ
- Rochester Institute of Technology’s Interactive Online Activities. Retrieved on May 4, 2020, https://go.iastate.edu/SL5LS8
- Strategies for Engagement in Online Courses:: Engaging with the Content, Instructor, and Other Students. (2015). In Quick Hits for Adjunct Faculty and Lecturers: Successful Strategies from Award-Winning Teachers (p. 41). Indiana University Press.